by Most Lee Harmless » Sun Jun 28, 2015 3:52 am
or, more seriously : its not modern day, there is no GPS, until the latter part of the 18th century there was no way to establish longitude when out of sight of land : so, back then, for a long voyage, you sailed in the general direction of, hoped to make landfall roughly nearby, hoped to recognize any landmarks, and thus now knowing where you were in relation to your destination, you then set course in that direction. Mostly, seafarers stayed close to land as long as they could, then hoped to cross any large expanse by the shortest route, but also aiming at a landmass big enough to be recognizable : then, you would also have to steer a wide berth around any navigational hazards, like rock formations, reefs, shoals and so on. Remember, you dont have pin-point location devices on board: by the time you reach where that hazard should be, you could be 10 miles north, or 10 miles south, or slap bang on top of it: its why sharp look-outs were vital. Add in that sailing at night was risky : lanterns didn't illuminate much beyond a few yards, so most vessels would heave to and, if not anchor, would aim to maintain enough way not to drift too much in the wrong direction.
So, all in all, a vessel travelling a known route, close to land, as in around an island, could make better overall way than one which was crossing a similar distance but via an open ocean expanse, which could well add a day or two to its journey if its course was disrupted by poor winds, cross currents and such, and add more time if it made a poor landfall well off course.
-1 : Move to archive.